At present, energy strategy of countries reflected two distinct policy orientation: firstly, to encourage to develop and utilize new energy which is replace petrochemical energy; secondly, to advocate to save energy, attend to develop energy-saving technology and energy-saving products. However, because of the gap between ideals and reality, development of world's new energy and energy-saving industrial exist two problems that quality and quantity. About quantity, output,trading volume and consumption of new energy is smaller, production of new energy (excluding water and electricity energy) in 2006 is only 6.8% of global output of total energy. About quality, quality of new energy products is uneven,overall level to be improved, and quality standards and certification systems,relevant systems of technology services is not perfect, reflected markedly the hysteresis about development of new energy.

    Depend on alone market force can not achieve rapid and healthy development of new energy and energy-saving industries, the Government must constitute relevant incentive policy to promote development of new energy. In addition, energy as a strategic resources, in the conditions of imperfect market, government intervention is necessary. Many countries in the world use the means that constitute policies of new energy and energy-saving, through certain government intervention to coordinate the relationship between macro-control and the market mechanism to promote development of new energy and energy-saving industries.

    1 Policies of new energy and energy-saving from different countries

    Enthusiasm of development of new energy in the world was promoted by stimulus of oil crisis from the 1970s, many market-oriented countries set about constituting relevant policy of development and utilization of new energy. Since the 1990s, development of new energy have acquired more and more attention from countries, have more policy and measure about development of new energy, for example permit system of trade appeared in Netherlands, Italy, Japan and other countries, and with people more concern environment issues, In particular, formation and effectiveness of << United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)>> (also known as <>), lead to development of new energy, not only because of consideration of commercial or national energy strategy, but a responsibility and obligation, These are reflected in policy content of new energy from dozens of countries.

    In the three years recently, due to advancing of oil price, persisted in countries' determination of developing a new energy, at the same time, strengthened concern about energy-saving technologies, energy-saving products. In many countries of their energy bill, development of new energy and energy-saving both are emphasis, they are pushed forward from policy. There are a brief introduction that choose 3 countries that the United States, Germany, Japan.

    (1) The United States

    The United States announced the new energy Bill (EPACT, 2005) contains amendment of <> (CPCA) in August ,2008. In addition to encouraged to produce American energy, proposed viable measure that promote consumers to save energy and use clean energy from the legislation. The new Bill focus on encouraging enterprises to use renewable energy and pollution-free energy, such as tax cuts and other measures, to encourage enterprises, families and individuals to use more energy-saving and clean products.

    The Bill proposed, in the next 10 years, the U.S. federal government will provide the amount of tax relief of 14,600,000,000 dollars to American energy enterprises , to encourage oil, natural gas, coal gas and electricity enterprises to adopt clean energy and energy-saving measures; in order to improve energy efficiency and develop Renewable energy, will give the relevant enterprises grant of total amount of not more than 5,000,000,000 dollars; give the new type nuclear power stations duty-free concessions and loan guarantees, and provide funds to develop clean coal technology, wind energy. In accordance with the requirements of the Bill, in 2012, U.S. ethanol production capacity of the refinery will be 7,500,000,000 gallons (1 gallon equal to about 3.8 liters), use proportion of vehicle use ethanol is one times than the current year.

    To consumers, the new Bill introduced the concessional budget project of personal energy-saving consumption of 1,300,000,000 dollars to encourage to use solar energy and so on. Consumers buy domestic solar energy facilities, 30% of the costs can be tax deductible. The Government also will derate tax to buy gasoline - electric power mixed vehicle of consumers, use energy-saving glass and energy-saving appliances of residents in the house ,even residents updated indoor temperature-control equipment, replaced energy-saving windows, to stop leak through maintenance of indoor cooling and heat systems in the house, they also acquired tax relief of 10% of the total expenditure. For production of air conditioner, refrigerator and other household electrical appliance of  high consumption energy, the new Bill improved obviously energy-saving standard. At the same time, in order to utilize effectively the sun, reduce use time of electric lighting and appliances, the new Bill stipulated that the United States extended 4 weeks to the original "summer" period from 2007, so that the annual "summer" is 7 months. In order to reduce gasoline consumption, the United States Government introduced new gasoline consumption technology standard of light truck, will be implemented fully in 2011. It is expected that implementation of this plan could reduce eventually gasoline consumption of 10,000,000,000 gallons each year in United States.

    (2) Germany

    About the new energy policy, the German Bundestag have passed formally Renewable Energy Law (KEL) in April 2000. The law abolished the ceiling of power generation about renewable energy, and requested power generation about renewable energy were distributed in all companies that supply electricity according to their total sales volume of electricity. Renewable Energy Law also required the company that operate transmission line to pay the costs of connection of electricity network, eliminated the power company to hinder development of wind energy through raise the interconnection fees. The most important point of the Bill is, according to the actual cost of power generation, for each renewable energy technology of power generation established specific paying amount per kWh. The power company are eligible to participate in determination of the pay, which is a transformation resulting from the power sector eliminate official control. The installation capacity of power generation about wind power reached 20622MW in 2006, the global largest market of wind energy.

    About the energy-saving, Germany implemented the energy-saving strategy that focus on save electricity. According to European Union regulations that marked energy consumption, Germany have constituted a label system for energy consumption of products, stipulated electrical appliances must paste the EU energy label. The government requested that television, computers and other electrical appliances are not working, should switch off the electrical source. The other key issues that the Germany government were resolving is building heating consume too much energy. Over the years, the Government continued to explore the potential of construction energy-saving through constituted and improved technical criterion of building insulation and other measures. The Germany government passed the <> in July 13^th 2005, advanced the targets that reduce emissions of greenhouse gas in 2012 and 2020, emphasized that develop further relevant technology of automobile and promote the programs of residential energy-saving, German emissions of greenhouse gas in 2020 will reduce 40% than in 1990.

    (3) Japan

    Japanese new energy policy stipulated, the power company are compulsory to expand utilization of renewable energy. Japanese power companies compelled to use new energy from April 2003, that is, according to its sales volume of electricity, stipulated the proportion that must use capacities of power generation about new energy. So, power companies have to utilize personally new energy to generate power, or purchase capacities of power generation about new energy from other companies. There is 5 power generation about new energy, that is, wind power, solar power, geothermal power, <1MW small water power, biology power generation. If we did not fulfill effectively these obligations, Minister of Economy industry would offer a warning to power company, if we violated these regulations, would be punished fines of following 1,000,000 yen. At present, wind power is growing rapidly in Japan, has been among global wind power market of the top ten in 2005.

    About long-term development strategy of the new energy, the Japan announced <> in June 2004, the objective is, power generation about solar and wind power and other new energy technologies became one of the pillar industries that commercial production value up to 3,000,000,000,000 yen before 2030, lead to the new energy industry keep ahead in the world. For the concept, the Government have adopted preferential system about taxation system and other aspect, to encourage enterprises to participate in the development of new energy, and supported development of new energy industry and product toward the direction that export generate foreign exchange. It is estimated that market size of the areas of solar, wind, fuel cells will from 450,000,000,000 yen in 2003 increase to 3,000,000,000,000 yen in 2030 through implementation of these measures, the scale of employment in the field also will reach 310,000 People.

    In the field of energy-saving, Japan is a best country that build the energy-saving system, the relative energy-saving policies and measures is comprehensive and detailed, the Japanese environment province even advanced the new measure that change habit of dressing to achieve the purpose of energy-saving in 2005.

    2  Analysis of features of foreign policy of new energy and energy-saving

    According to foreign policy practice and the course of development of new energy and energy-saving ,we can find that these policies and measures have some characteristics in common. First of all, the developed industry countries about constitution of policy of new energy and energy-saving played a leading role model. The geography distribution of Fossil Energy is  unbalanced and limited, and a strong demand for energy because of economic development, as well as the deteriorating environmental problems, promote developed industry countries to adjust its energy strategy, the development of new energy and energy efficiency must be emphasis of its policy. According to the evolution of policy, the view of development, the developed industry countries about constitution of all kinds of policy of new energy and energy-saving ,are a leader, and played a leading role model, lead to a concept revolution of the world's non-renewable energy industry, thereby join actively development of new Energy and energy-saving industrial.

    Secondly, foreign policy of new energy and energy-saving have formed a system. With the improvement of strategy status of new energy, many countries have formed gradually a perfect system, including strategic planning, laws and regulations, management systems in order to achieve to utilize new energy of large-scale, depth and duration.

    About the strategic planning, proposed " vision of industrialization of new energy " by Japan; Europe, the United States and other developed countries and regions take the new energy and energy-saving as one of the key points of its energy strategy.

    In the context of laws and regulations, whether developed market-oriented countries or developing countries have constituted all kinds of laws, regulations and decrees to promote development of new energy and energy-saving industry. This is not only basic foundation and guarantee to enforce to implement relevant planning and policy ,it also can develop step by step  human awareness of development and utilization of new energy and energy-saving, and lead to power developer and supplier to new energy industry have a steady expect.

    Foreign countries about management policy also have established the management system, including government, manufacturers and other third-party intermediaries, to grasp in time operation situation of new energy and energy-saving industry and to adjust in time. In the energy-saving management, Japan is more typical, from the central government to local governments have established a perfect energy management institution and consultation institution, specializing in energy-saving issues, in addition, it also have established universally non-governmental organizations--Energy-saving Center, to share experiences with each other, it have played a very important role to promotion and application of energy-saving technology and implementation of energy-saving policy.

    3 Inspiration of foreign policy of new energy and energy-saving

    On a global scale, development and utilization of new energy and energy-saving technologies,energy-saving products and services have become emphasis of energy strategy of countries. At present, about development and utilization of new energy in china, utilization of solar energy, wind energy and hydrogen energy attain rapid development, and formed gradually a relatively complete industry. However, industrial development and system guarantee of policy exist a certain gap, relevant policies is lagging behind. So, to study foreign policy experience, improvement continuously of Chinese policy of new energy and energy-saving should be urgent from the national strategy angle. Combining analysis to foreign new energy and energy-saving policy above-mentioned, we can at least come to conclusion as follow:

    (1)In the premise that emphasize market force, we must attach importance to constitution,revision and implementation of policy of new energy and energy-saving.

    (2)In the specific operations of constitutation of policy of new energy and energy-saving,it is necessary to play advantage, and the policy about system guarantee of new energy and energy-saving industry should be forward-looking,comprehensive and strategic.

    (3)To establish a perfect policy system of new energy and energy-saving. Foreign complete policy system of new energy and energy-saving, ensure that policies are constituted and implemented effectively, promot greatly development of new energy and energy-saving industry. China have constituted some strategy programming like <> , and have constituted <> in 2005,however, if we hope that these strategies and regulations are implemented effectively, must promote further development of management system of new energy and energy-saving industry.